When asked what issues they would like the Government to focus on during the course of the next five years, 53% said they wanted ministers to reduce the regulatory burden on business.
Some 51% of those questioned called for simplification of the tax system, while 44% of respondents said reform of business rates should be a top priority.
Commenting on the findings, Mike Cherry, National Policy Chairman at the FSB, said: 'Today's wide ranging research sends a very clear message on what small businesses want from the new Government - a supportive, light touch tax and regulatory environment in which to grow their business, creating prosperity and jobs.
'Over the five years of this Parliament, our members' top priorities are to lighten the burdens of regulation and tax, reform broken business rates, support the development and skills of young people, and improve broadband and mobile connectivity.'
Meanwhile, in an open letter to Prime Minister David Cameron, the British Chambers of Commerce (BCC) has called for 'bold action' on six issues that it says will determine the UK's economic future.
John Longworth, Director General of the BCC, wrote: 'In return for your continued commitment to an environment that encourages enterprise and aspiration, businesses in all parts of the UK stand ready to delivery prosperity, jobs, and sustained economic growth.
'Over the coming months, you must use your strengthened mandate to take bold action on six issues that will determine the UK's economic future.'
The letter calls for a focus on: public spending, trade, talent, investment, Europe and infrastructure. It ends with a request that the Prime Minister should 'make no apologies for seeking the highest growth and investment rates, and the lowest unemployment and taxation rates'.
The Confederation of British Industry (CBI) has also expressed its views in the aftermath of the election, calling for deficit reduction to be made a priority, along with finding 'more innovative ways to deliver public services and backing the final decision from the Airports Commission.'
Its thoughts were echoed by the Institute of Directors (IoD), which said that 'returning the budget to surplus must be the overriding goal in this Parliament'. A survey of its members also revealed that infrastructure and education are two other areas company owners want to see addressed in the coming years.
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